Can a queen be a king, too? Consider the case of Hatshepsut, an Egyptian
ruler of the 15th century B.C. The eldest daughter of Thutmose I and his
principal queen, she married her younger half-brother, Thutmose II. His
untimely death left her regent for Thutmose III, his son by another wife. At
some point, she decided to govern jointly with the boy and took on the title
of king. Later, she assumed the supreme title of pharaoh and ruled Egypt in
that powerfully masculine role until her death.
During her reign (about 1479-1458 B.C.), when Egypt was emerging as a
world power, the country prospered, the arts flourished, and peace, more or
less, prevailed. In these respects, her rule might be compared to that of
Elizabeth I of England, though Elizabeth had to make do with the less
impressive title of queen.
Hatshepsut is the subject of a celebratory show at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, one that commemorates the
100th anniversary of the Met's department of Egyptian art. Organized by the
Met and the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, it includes many objects
from the Met's own extensive holdings, excavated at its digs in the 1920's
and 30's. But it isn't so easy to follow Hatshepsut's trail in this
overambitious show, what with the number of relatives, subordinates, minor
officials and such who also have a place in it, along with scarabs,
jewellery, pottery, furniture and other artefacts...